Dental problems in primary care american family physician. It is one of the most widespread diseases in the civilized populations with a prevalence of 40% at the age of seven years and 85% in seventeen yearold boys. American academy of pediatric dentistry 211 east chicago avenue, suite 1700 y chicago, illinois 606112637 y 3123372169 y fax. Some studies build on the considerable advances already made in caries prevention, e. Immunology of dental caries biomedical and pharmacology.
To assess the role of xylitol in preventing dental caries. It is also the most prevalent condition included in the 2015 global burden of disease study, ranking first for decay of permanent teeth 2. Disease that causes tooth decay, is known as dental caries it is infectious, and the mutans. Asian journal of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences, 653, 2016, 0107. Journal of dental and oral health j dent oral health. Dental caries, a chronic disease is unique among human and is one of the most common important global oral health problems in the world today. Pdf dental caries, a chronic disease is unique among human and is one.
Saliva and dental caries new jersey medical school. In this study, caries was prevalent in our patients, and age, family size, dental pain, and oral hygiene were variables related to this disease. Pdf dental caries, a chronic disease is unique among human and is one of the most common important global oral health problems in the world today. For several decades, dental researchers have followed the decayed, missing and filled dmf index developed by klein, palmer, and knutson in 1938 for assessing dental caries. The pharmacologic management of dental caries is primarily through the topical application to teeth of agents to control supragingival formation and accumulation of dental biofilms i. In particular, cranberry atype proanthocyanidins and flavonols have demonstrated potent inhibitory effects against cariogenic virulence targets such as bacterial.
Early childhood caries ecc is the term used to describe dental caries in children aged 71 months and below. Xylitol is a sugar alcohol having the properties that reduce levels of mutans streptococci ms in the plaque and saliva. Inherited risks for susceptibility to dental caries. Burden of oral disease among older adults and implications for public health priorities. The mouth is colonized by variety of microorganisms from birth and most of them are commensals, they become pathogenic, when the host responses are altered. This study examined whether community water fluoridation cwf reduced dental caries disparities in permanent teeth of 10 to 19yearold schoolchildren in north carolina. Dental caries are the tooth decay or cavities due to breakdown of teeth as a result of bacterial activity. Journal articles publications division of oral health. Discussion paper dental caries management in children and adults rebecca l. In this highly anticipated new edition, the editors maintain the same focus on highlevel coverage of the disease etiology and process, clinical management bestpractice, and wider public health issues connected with dental caries management, including. Dental caries and tooth loss in adults in the united states, 20112012. Topical fluorides have been used in dental practice for over 30 years. The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge, attitudes and practice behaviors among dental hygienists regarding caries risk assessment cra and management.
Since there is a positive correlation between ca vi concentration and salivary flow rate, and a negative correlation with the dmft index, recent adv dent res 14. Dental hygienists knowledge, attitudes and practice. The history of understanding of any disease or condition in humans has passed through two distinct eras. Caries initially appears as opaque white spots on the surface of the tooth enamel. Dental caries is a wellknown public health problem in mexico and worldwide. Four schools were randomly selected for conducting the study. Dental caries disturbed balance of the risk factors milena peneva department of pediatric dentistry faculty in dental medicine, medical university, sofia, bulgaria journal of imab annual proceeding scientific papers 2007, vol.
Department of oral radiology, royal dental college, university of aarhus, denmark. In eastern europe and central asia dental caries levels are high and with health systems in transition. Dental caries incidence is affected by host factors that may be related to the structure of dental enamel, immunologic response to cariogenic bacteria, or the composition of saliva. These health disparities appear to be greatest in minorities and in. From our perspective, dental caries continues to be one of the most common chronic. The disease and its clinical management has become the leading resource on cariology. Dental caries, a chronic disease is unique among human and is one of. Dental health status and risk factors for dental caries in adults in istanbul, turkey.
Dental caries is a pathologic process depending on several etiologic factors, which cause the destruction of the dental tissues and produces local and general complications. The colour of the infected teeth varies from yellow to black. The world health organization has adopted this index in oral health assessment form for conducting national oral health surveys. Early childhood caries ecc children who are frequently exposed to sugary liquidssuch as milk, breast milk, formula, fruit juice, and other sweet liquidsfor long periods of time run. The incidence of dental caries by culture and education level of the head of household in the united states for children and adolescents is shown in table 2. Dental caries is one of the mostcommon diseases in humans. The american dental association caries classification system jada. A supplement on stannous fluoride, supported by colgatepalmolive company, is. In modern times, it hasreached epidemic proportions. Genetic variation of the host factors may contribute to increased risks for dental caries. Upon ignorance at initial stage, may lead to inflammation of tissue around the teeth, tooth loss and abscesses formation. Caries research publishes epidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies in dental caries and related dental diseases.
However, it has been known for over 100 years that dental decay is caused by bacteria fermenting foods, producing acids and. Dental health status and risk factors for dental caries in adults in. Additionally, poor oral hygiene or insufficient dental plaque removal leads to the rapid progression of ecc. Conventional diagnostic aids in dental caries journal of. The importance of sugars as a cause of caries is underemphasized and not prominent in preventive strategies. Mechanical removal of dental caries, resection of tooth structure, and restoration of the tooth is a common treatment for this disease. Effects of community water fluoridation on dental caries. Child dental caries a global problem of inequality. Dental caries is a process which occurs on any tooth surface in the oral cavity where dental plaque is allowed to develop over a period of time. Rootsurface caries is becoming a problem in the elderly due to gingival recession exposing the vulnerable cementum to microbial colonization.
As was mentioned in chapter 1, there have been a number of theories concerning the aetiology of dental caries, of which the acidogenic theory has been the most generally accepted. An outline of the development of various fluoride preparations during this period of time is presented and the results of clinical trials into the cariesinhibitory properties. Journal of innovations in pharmaceuticals and biological sciences. The nature of the biofilm enhances the component bacterias resistance to both the hosts defense system and antimicrobials. Autofluorescence guided surveillance for oral cancer american association for cancer research oral cancer knowledge, attitudes and practices the journal of the american dental association value of visual screenings study world health organization managing mucositis elsevier publishing directtoconsumer advertising for oral cancer screening devices.
Dental caries is the scientific term for tooth decay or. Pdf dental caries is a biofilmmediated, sugardriven, multifactorial, dynamic disease that results. Dental caries management in children and adults national. We used crosssectional data representing k12 schoolchildren in north carolina nc public. Introduction dental caries is an infectious microbiologic disease of theteeth that results in sectorial dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissue. If not removed regularly, the biofilm undergoes maturation, and the resulting pathogenic bacterial complex can lead to dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Dental caries is a biofilmmediated, sugardriven, multifactorial, dynamic disease that results in the phasic demineralization and remineralization of dental hard. Asian journal of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences, 2016. Prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge, status, and. During the 19881994 baseline period, 52% of children aged 68 y and 61% of adolescents had dental caries.
The canadian dental association cda is the national voice for dentistry dedicated to. Editorial prevention of dental caries through the use of. Dental caries is the technical term used by healthcare and dental professionals to describe the disease more commonly known as tooth decay. Dental caries can be defined as the localized destruction of the tissues of the tooth by bacterial action. Bioactive polyphenol components of cranberry vaccinium macrocarpon are known to have virulence attenuating effects against several cariogenic virulence properties responsible for dental caries pathogenesis. This journal is a member of the committee on publication ethics cope. Dental caries in the second millennium journal of dental. Asian journal of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences 2016 volume 6, issue 53. Dental caries is a multifactorial disease involving. Early childhood caries ecc is one of the most prevalent diseases in children worldwide.
A crosssectional study was conducted among 404 visually impaired individuals in chennai city, tamil nadu. Griffin so, jones ja, brunson d, griffin pm, bailey wd. Caries is gradually being regarded and recognised as a disease in the oral cavity involving net demineralisation of the dental hard tissues that. Prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge. Salivary characteristics were associated weakly with previous dental caries experience, but the authors did not find consistent trends among the three age groups. Dental caries is a major public health problem globally and is the most widespread noncommunicable disease ncd. In the minds of the lay person, and surprisingly even within dentistry, dental caries is often thought of as holes in the teeth rather than an entire disease process.
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